The Imposter 2012- Bart Layton

The Imposter stands out in style compared to other documentaries I have looked at. Using stylistic features to tell the story of the missing; Nicholas Barclay. Using sit down interviews and stylised reconstructions, we are shown all sides to the story.

Initially, Barton portrays the missing boys family as innocent by subtly revealing their side of the investigation. The audience feels sympathy due to the telling of how Nicholas went missing and how Frederic Bourdin began to spiral into taking the identity of the missing child. By Frederic explaining how he pretended to be child and eventually stealing the identity of a missing child, Barton shows us just one element of an extremely complicated plot. Barton lays the plot out in a specific way in order to add more questions for the audience. By the end of the documentary, we are left questioning the integrity of the family rather than the man that has been stealing the identity of children for years.

Similar to The Act Of Killing, The Imposter includes the main people in the events retelling the story. Despite this, the two documentaries differ. Oppenheimer's The Act Of Killing includes different ways in which the main people retell a story, for example: Anwar and his colleagues making a film to create a reenactment of the mass killings, visiting old sites to recount memories and sitting down to talk about the past. On the other hand, Barton uses the very personal method of a sit down interview to give the audience detail on what happened. With this method we can see their body language and facial expression which can be another way to gain perspective rather than just speaking.   

Comparing Production Context

Director, Budget and Box Office

La Haine directed by: Mathieu Kassovitz
City Of God directed by: Fernando Meirelles and Katia Lund
Rust and Bone directed by: Jacques Audiard

Rust and Bone has the highest budget of €15.4 Million out of the three films, City Of God is the second highest with a budget of €2.7 Million, La Haine had the lowest budget of €2.3 Million. It is not surprising that Rust and Bone has the highest budget out of the three films as the director needed to use CGI in order to give the impression that Stephanie has no legs. The use of the killer whales can also be another factor that would increase the budget. Despite having the highest budget, Rust and Bone did not make the highest in box office, it made 25.8 million dollar compared to City Of God that made the highest at box office, it made 30.6 million dollars. La Haine came in at 15.3 million dollars, which was way above the budget.

History and Information

Critical reception

Reviews and Awards

National and Global Production Information

Production Stage

A Complete History Of My Sexual Failures 2008- Chris Waitt

A Complete History Of My Sexual Failures takes a more personal approach to documentary. Chris Waitt documents his journey in finding out why he such a terrible boyfriend. He uses a gonzo style of documentary in order to effectively create an invasive feel into his life.

The personal element effectively ties together Chris' issues and the light humour of his misfortune. A majority of the film takes place in his flat. The mise en scene of his flat gives the audience an insight into his personality despite creating an extremely personal feel to the documentary. The messy interior of his flat connotes his is unorganised and furthermore doesn't have much about himself. His messy flat is an issue later addressed by his mother. 

The documentary creates a sense of catharsis for the audience. Leading to one issue to another, such as; mental health issues, erectile dysfunction, failing to successfully fix his erectile dysfunction and just the overall sense of loneliness he gives off, makes the audience sympathise for him rather than empathise as he appears pretty hopeless. 

The Act Of Killing 2012- Joshua Oppenheimer

The Act Of Killing uses the perspective of the killers in Indonesia to show the audience the extent of the mass killings. Despite merging talks about the events from the main figures such as; Anwar Congo, Herman Koto, Yapto Soerjosoemarno and others, Anwar and his past colleagues present the killings in Indonesia through the median of film.  

Film is one of the main themes in the documentary. There a multiple scenes of Anwar and Herman reminiscing about going to the movie theatre as they were "movie theatre gangsters". Depicting this theme within the documentary is effective in bringing a group of mass murderers down to a human level. The dream like opening scene and focusing documentary on celebrated killers in Indonesia presents a gap for within the characters that separates them away from humanity. Having the common interest of film grounds the characters as they have been set above those around them and brings a sense of normality into the documentary.

The crimes that Anwar has committed appears to be haunting him compared to fellow killers, how this is portrayed can make us question whether he actually is truly bearing the burden of murder. When Anwar is talking to Adi, he talks about how a specific method of killing haunts his dreams, Adi then mentions a neurologist for his troubles. In rejecting this we can question whether he really does care about how his past effects now. This can be compared to the scene in which he shows how he killed accused communists using a wire. He dances on the site in which he killed people, his performance during the documentary connotes different emotions towards his violent past.

The dream like scenes add a different tone to the documentary. Generally, The Act Of Killing has a dark tone due to the subject. During the dream scenes it comes across as the mass murders being celebrated. The girls dancing in bright coloured costumes throws off the topic. It could possibly connote the patriotism the main characters have as it appears to be traditional to Indonesia. 

Undefeated 2011- Daniel Lindsay and T.J. Martin Compared To Bowling For Columbine 2011- Michael Moore

Undefeated differs to the style of Bowling For Columbine. Lindsay and Moore document different topics in differing styles.

In Bowling For Columbine, Michael Moore uses a participatory style of documentary in order to show the audience the topic he is covering. Using the participatory style is effective for bowling for columbine because Michael Moore puts himself into the documentary and agitates the people he is interviewing. The topic is covers has had such a negative effect on society across America and people truly believe that having a gun is a safe thing. The way in which Moore agitates the interviewees effectively draws out answers to shock the audience and show them the effect a heavy gun society has on people that live within that society. During a lot of scenes within Bowling For Columbine, the camera is handheld and relatively shaky, this can show the audience that they are filming the majority of the time to give as much detail of the place surrounding them to show the impact of guns in America. A main focus of the documentary is the school shooting in Columbine High School, despite this, the topic of gun control leads onto many other events in America that was caused by loose gun laws.

Undefeated differs to this as the directors follows the journey of a football team in Manassas High School, rather the Moore's technique of the participatory style in Bowling For Columbine. In particular we follow the coach, Bill Courtney, and three students; O.C, Money and Chavis. This has a different effect than Bowling For Columbine. Even though we are following a journey of a football coach and three students, we are still shown by Daniel Lindsay and T.J. Martin what is like to be part of an elitist education system in a extremely area; inner city Memphis. In order to show the effect the school system that America has, the director's enable the audience to emotionally attach themselves to people that are struggling within that situation.  This is effective in ensuring the audience's emotional attachment and making the issues that are presented within Undefeated resonate within the viewer's mind.

The Nightmare Before Christmas 1993- Henry Selick

The Nightmare Before Christmas ties Halloween and Christmas together in the genre of a fantasy musical. The character of Jack Skeleton has an identity crisis once he enters "Christmas land". He tries to force those who follow into celebrating Christmas.

In a way, Jack Skeleton can be seen as a stereotypical man having a mid life crisis or the man that is fed up of his day to day job in desperate need to make a carrer change. We can see this in the way in which Jack forces those around to completely change what they are surrounded by. He is oblivious to the fact that no one else around him can grasp the concept of Christmas. Turning Christmas toys into evil toys that terrifies a whole village show the clash between Halloween and Christmas. 

Despite not directing the film, Tim Burton created the characters and the story of The Nightmare Before Christmas. The characters in The Nightmare Before Christmas compared to Tim Burton more modern characters in other film such as Frankenweenie have a lot more characterisation. Frankenweenie was directed by Tim Burton and was more character based. Another contrast between the two films is the style of the characters. To suit the theme of Halloween, the characters in The Nightmare Before Christmas are extremely skinny and willowy. If not, they are short, with dull colours similar to the setting they are in. On the other hand, in Frankenweenie, the characters are black and white and pump. Despite his style changing this could be down to the story and the characters background. 

Rust And Bone 2012- Jacques Audiard

Audiard presents power through the relationships in Rust And Bone. Comparing Rust and Bone to the other films we have looked at, City Of God and La Haine there is less focus on the society the film is set in, Rust And Bone focuses on the protagonists life and the hardships that his situations puts his through rather than the hardships the society he is in puts him through.

One main theme within the film is family, despite the fact he dismisses his family for the majority of the film, it is still a factor that impacts the main character. The main element of the family theme is Ali's son. He plays a big part in changing Ali. Despite appearing to brush him off, Ali's son still has a power over him, we can see this in the scene where he stops to buy a toy tractor for him, after he abused him. The guilt obviously plays on his mind. Another family aspect of the film is his sister Anna. She looks after the son and puts up with too much trouble from Ali, she experiences his true selfish and angry personality. Guilt is Ali's weakness, we can see from his performance how he guilty he felt when he found out he was the reason why Anna lost he job.

Loss is another theme present in Rust and Bone. An obvious representation of this is Stephanie losing her legs. She copes with this loss, but we can see how the loss effects until she gets prosthetic legs. The loss that she experiences in personal and causes a massive change in her life, the close up shots of her legs leaves no boundaries to the audience as every detail of her scars can be seen, this helps the audience to empathise with her as they gain a personal view of her loss through camera angles. Ali's near loss of his son made him realise how vulnerable his son is, despite hurting the little boy physically and emotionally, it took his son being in a coma to make him realise how precious he is. This break through can be represented through Ali punching the ice to rescue his son. The blood on the ice, underneath shot of the ice and the tension created during this scene can show the audience how close minded he is towards his relationship with his son and how hard it is for him to finally realise his true love for his son.

Audiard presents Ali's personality throughout the entire film through the use of his performance. He lacks the ability to plan and acts quite rashly. Particularly in the job interview for the role of bouncer we can see. Despite him having experience in fighting, we he is asked for proof we can tell by his facial expression, the way his face drops, that he has not planned for this. Another way in which the job interview reveals his personality is the fact we can see he jumps from job to job. Audiard puts Ali into different job roles that all have elements in common with each other. The fact he moves to different job helps to develop Ali's characterisation to show the audience his personality in order to help explain his other actions, such as the way he treats his son and how blunt he can be with Stephanie.

The opening credits are extremely significant for the film. To have almost poetic clips of the film and to compliment them with abstract light can almost be a synopsis for the film within the opening credits. The sound of the young boy, Sam, breathing can connote multiple things. Either he is asleep on the way down to the south of France or he is in a coma. Either way you interpret it, it is still extremely dream like from a young child's perspective almost giving a sense of hope early on in the film.

Comparison of the opening scenes in La Haine and City Of God

Comparison of the opening scenes in La Haine and City Of God

The opening scene of La Haine differs from the style of the opening scene in City Of God. In La Haine, the opening scene is a series of documentary images showing rioting in France. This sets the theme for the rest of the film. The track “burnin and lootin” is playing in the background. The choice to use this track is effective as the relaxed vibe of the music contrasts the violent images of the riots. Both the scenes of rioting and the reggae music contrast the traditional french culture. City Of God’s opening scene differs to the opening scene of La Haine as it presents traditional Brazilian culture rather than contrasting it like in La Haine. The busy social scene such as people dancing and cooking together present a typical culture. It also sets a different theme and mood than La Haine. Despite differing in how they present the cultures in the scene they are set. Both opening scenes are similar because they both have the intent to present the culture that will be represented within the rest of the film.

Violence is presented in both of the opening scenes. In La Haine, the footage of riots is one blatant way in which the director presents the violence that we will later see in the rest of the film. The representation of violence in City Of God starts off subtle. One way in which it is presented is the sharpening of the knife. Other subtle ways that can be interpreted as the representation of the theme of violence is cutting up the chicken and the bowl of chicken. Later on we see more obvious hints of violence such as Lil Ze and his gang carrying guns. The violence in the opening scene of City Of God is linked directly to the characters rather than linking it to society in La Haine.

Cinematography in the opening scenes also differ. In La Haine, the documentary footage is relatively but steady but shaky at some points whilst focusing on large groups of people using long shots to show the masses. City Of God differs from this as the camera is a lot more shaky, the director uses close up shots to show more detail. The characters story can be hinted through the camera angle of the chicken. We can see a point of view shot from the chicken, as it is running the camera is very shaky. The fact that we see a point of view shot from a chicken that is trying to escape can connote how the characters want to escape from The City Of God. This is a contributing factor to the themes as the close up shots have many connotations that help the audience to understand the themes.

Both scenes are set in the poorer areas of big and popular cities. Les Banlieus in Paris and the Favelas in Rio De Janeiro are where the government put the poorer people to keep them away from tourists in the capital. This is one way on which that opening scenes are similar. We can see from the setting that they are in poorer areas.

In the opening scene in City Of God, we are shown the main characters. Lil Ze and Rocket personalities are set as soon as they are introduced. Lil Ze is clearly the leader of his group, we can see this from the way in which those around him listen to him. Rocket is more quiet and his passion is presented; photography. In contrast to this, La Haine does not show any of the main characters. This is effective in presenting the topic of the film as universal, rather than making the issue of police brutatility focused on the three main characters the director relates it to those that have suffered by showing the documentary footage.

Presentation For Coursework

Presentation

Presentation Script

Opening title screen of powerpoint with presentation title and images of the movie posters (Items 16, 17 and 18)

Speaker: We have seen a massive change in what is perceived as an independent woman in film but have we fully achieved a realistic depiction of an independent woman as a protagonist?

Change to next slide of powerpoint; an image of Marilyn Monroe in How To Marry A Millionaire (Item 19)

Speaker: Going back to the 1930’s, Marilyn Monroe is the kickstarter to sexual imagery in film.

During a time where women were still extremely oppressed, Marilyn Monroe was almost liberating as she brought promiscuity to the screens and “manipulated” men in her films for her benefit. Despite this, in the modern day, her image is now perceived as sexual objectification.

Change to next slide of powerpoint; quote “"I think Marilyn would be stunned to see how people have reinterpreted her life since she died," says Nancy Friday, author of My Mother, Myself and The Power of Beauty.” (Item 13)

Speaker: As we can see from this quote, Monroe is obviously not who all women want to be anymore. Thinking of a typical housewife in America, you would think that a woman who was portrayed to control men would be desired for a wife that is the property of her husband. We can see these desired traits in How To Marry A Millionaire. Monroe’s character, Pola, and her friends all try to seek out a millionaire that they can marry by means of seduction. Comparing a 1930’s opinion of this concept to that of a modern day opinion would be complete opposites. From this we can see how independance for women has evolved.

Change to next slide of powerpoint; movie poster for Kill Bill Vol. 1 (Item 17)

Speaker: Moving forward from the 1930’s, the early 2000’s came with a mixed portrayal of female protagonists. One icon is The Bride in Quentin Tarantino’s Kill Bill. This character and film particularly stands out in the sense of independent women as The Bride intends on killing her ex lover. Strong, violent and clever, these characteristics of a female protagonist breakthrough the norms of most female protagonists. In Volume 1, she is clear on her intent with no barriers that we would typically think of, such as love.

Change to next slide of powerpoint: Image of Uma Therman and quote from Variety article: “Women would come up to me and they would say that somehow or other – they’d share a little bit — that that film helped them in their lives, whether they were feeling oppressed or struggling or had a bad boyfriend or felt badly about themselves, that that film released in them some survival energy that was helpful, and that is probably one of the most gratifying things that I have ever experienced in response to a piece of art,” (Item 6)

Speaker: Uma Therman, explains in a variety article that her role in Kill Bill empowers woman. From the quote (point at quote) the revenge aspect of the film has related to women and provided a release for those stuck in a negative situation.

Speaker: Despite this, there are still opposing views as to whether Kill Bill was a step forward for female protagonists and whether The Bride is a true icon of independence.

Change to next slide of powerpoint; with quote from Aideen Johnston "If he is going to make a film about strong women, why make it so unrealistic?" (Item 4)

Speaker: The unrealistic qualities come from The Bride's physical abilities, the majority of the audience do not know how to wield a samurai sword so looking at this fact we can question whether having an unrealistic image of a woman is effective in creating a strong woman, women can relate to.

Speaker: We can also relate this question to the third film I am going to talk about; Wonder Woman.

Change to next slide of powerpoint; Image of movie poster for Wonder Woman (Item 16)

Speaker: Compared to the other two films that we have previously looked, Wonder Woman was created in a time where feminism and equality are constantly debated. In today's society, people are quick to judge films and whether they are a benefit to women in film.

Speaker: One main way in which Wonder Woman is empowering is the fact that such an incredibly successful film was directed by a woman: Patty Jenkins. Despite this presentation being about the representation of independent women through a protagonist, we can still acknowledge the fact that a film about a strong woman was also directed by a woman. This film particularly stands out as being in the superhero genre, the character of Wonder Woman is completely new, it is almost as if Patty Jenkins introduced women's strong abilities into a genre dominated by men.

Speaker: In the same way that Kill  Bill is criticised for having unrealistic qualities, Wonder Woman's body and outfit are seen as an unrealistic quality. More of a modern day issue, body image now comes into play when talking about who we can look up to. In an article in the metro, the author Theresa Harold says "if being semi-naked is the most practical mode in which to save the world, where is Batman's mankini?", this raises the question is this film really putting women equal to men?

Change to final slide of powerpoint: Images of all three movie posters (Items 16, 17 and 18)

Speaker: The image of an independent woman has changed over the years as we can see. What you think an independent woman is, can be your own opinion, but despite having breakthroughs in film such as Wonder Woman, it is clear that we are still not satisfied with where we have gotten to. As opinions change through the years, will women ever be completely equal to men within the film industry.

Speaker: Thank you for listening.

Bowling For Columbine 2002- Michael Moore

Bowling For Columbine highlights gun culture in America with shocking stories of school shootings in poorer areas of America such as Littleton and Buell. Michael Moore is agitation in his interviews to put who is interviewing on the spot. His clear anger and upset to the heavy gun culture in America is effective in getting across opposing views. 

The tone of the opening is contradicting to the tone of the remainder of the documentary. Michael Moore shows images of an idealistic American life. Using this opening to establish a distorted view of America is instantly contradicted by Moore walking into a bank and asking for a gun. In this scene, Moore is clearly agitational to get his message across that later runs on through the rest of the documentary. Asking questions such as "is it dangerous handing out guns at a bank?" can be seen to raise these questions to the audience rather than the person he asks as their reaction is cut out. 

One scene that can particularly raise questions is when the school shooting is introduced. Footage of bombings in Serbia is shown, a title screen of "1 hour later" is shown than it cuts to cctv footage of the shooting at Columbine High school with 911 call recordings played over it. On one hand this can be seen as Moore highlighting the severity of the shootings and almost comparing the Columbine shootings to the bombings in Syria. On the other hand, it can be interpreted as Moore depicting how violent America is. They are breeding violence not only at home but in other countries. During the footage of Syria being bombed, a Syrian news channel is played highlighting the fact that innocent areas are being bombed such as hospitals. This is another way Moore questions Americas integrity. 

To present opposing views, Michael Moore cuts between a speech from Charlton Heston, who was holding a pro gun rally, and a father of a victim of the Columbine shootings. The editing effectively allows the two views to argue with each other to present the two common views on gun culture in America. Using heartbreaking footage of a father who has lost his son to gun violence and contrasting it with a pro gun who has never been effected by violence and showed up to Columbine 10 days after the shooting causes the audience to favour the father and present Charlton Heston as an evil man. He is clueless and deluded by the idealistic view that is sarcastically highlighted in the opening scene. 

The popular view of blaming rock culture is presented in the documentary. Moore interviews Marilyn Manson in order to enlighten the audience on how this view is wrong. Gaining the opinion of a person who is being blamed for such horrible events and teenagers obsession with gun culture is extremely useful and helps Moore to achieve the purpose of the documentary. Marilyn Manson's mentions what he think causes the violence is America and criticises popular media for brainwashing the population.  he believes that "violence in culture and gun control" are to blame for the increasing violence. In relation to criticising the media he states "keep everyone afraid and they'll consume. 

When Moore visits LA, the issue of race is the topic of discussion. During the opening scenes in La, news casts are edited together to show how the masses are starting to blame "black males". To contradict this Moore, shows the huge gun culture in Canada even though there are minimal killings of people by guns there. He questions if it's America's society that fuels gun violence. 

Paranoia in America is depicted, such as people hiding guns under their pillows and keeping multiple loaded guns in their own homes. This can put the blame on how a six year old picked up a gun from his uncles house and shot a fellow student in his class. This shooting at Buell elementary school was the youngest shooting. The young boys mother was not able to monitor him as she was already working through the welfare to work programme. The welfare to work programme was criticised as it was forcing people to work long hours for low pay 

As a way ton protest against the pro gun culture, Moore took two victims of the Columbine shooting, headed to K-Mart HQ and asked them to stop selling the ammunition that shot them. After being rejected the brought two bags of ammunition and to it to the HQ. This made a difference as they vowed to stop selling ammunition within 90 days. Moore protesting this and gaining a response through his documentary is extremely moving. Being agitational and using victims of the shootings and not giving up can make a difference. 

In the final scenes, Moore finds Charlton Heston on a star map and gets an interview. He highlights the fact that he is a lifelong member of the NRA but is extremely agitational. Heston claims having loaded guns despite the fact he is far away from violence in his house gives him some kind of comfort level. Despite finding this out, he walks away and refuses to answer any question when Moore question why he had pro gun rallys just days after devastating shootings. As a final statement, Moore leaves a picture of the dead six year old on his doorstep, this is effective to the audience as it is forcing them to live with the fact knowing they live in gun culture. 

Catalogue

Films

Item 1: Kill Bill Vol.1 (2003 Dir. Quentin Tarantino) This film is very useful as it relates to independence in women through the character of The Bride. The year it was made is useful as it is the middle ground between the other two films so we are able to be able to look at the portrayal of independence in women through the ages of film.

Item 2: Wonder Woman (2017 Dir. Patty Jenkins) The modern adaptation of the wonder woman comics during a period of time where feminism is widely discussed is useful as we are given a new perspective on independance. Especially being in the superhero genre, this film is almost a revolution in superhero films. Particularly in film, women have seen decades of woman being the weaker person in a situation and letting love be their downfall. Wonder Woman brings a strong woman role to the heavily male dominated genre of superhero films.

Item 3: How To Marry A Millionaire (1953 Dir. Jean Negulesco) The year of this film is important and vital as we are given a perspective on women from a time where women were still seen as second class citizens. The actor, Marilyn Monroe, was an early sex icon in society during a time where straying from a patriarchal family was shunned. For this era, having three women put money before love, until they eventually find it, would have stirred controversy and changed women’s position in society.

Internet

Item 4: The F-Word Aideen Johnston- Kill Bill- This is helpful as it gives a feminist perspective on a film that Tarantino believes in a feminist statement and reviews whether it is. It looks to my statement as feminism is typically linked with independant women. It also asks the question “If he is going to make a film about strong women, why is it so unrealistic?”

Item 5: Min.com- ”Kill Bill” and our troubled relationship with rape revenge movies- Melissa Hugel- This article is helpful as it questions how The Brides independence is represented by Tarantino. This can tie into the year of the film as it was made during the early 2000’s when true feminism was pushed down and independent women were given a distorted view on independence, women were still very much domesticated and the year of the film and the topic of the item compliment each other to further look at how the portrayal of independent women have changed.

Item 6: Variety.com- Uma Thurman explains how “Kill Bill” role empowers women- Leo Barraclough- This item is extremely useful as we get the actors perspective on how this is film is a benefit to her female audience, she elaborates on how her fans have told Uma about their experiences with her two films with Tarantino.

Item 7: Hollywoodreporter.com- Rise of the wonder woman- Tatiana Siegel- This item presents itself as helpful as Patty Jenkins (the director) is interviewed in it as well as Gal Gadot (Diana) so this will allow us to get the perspective of a female director during and creating a turning point for women in film, particularly in the superhero genre. This item will allow itself to create comparisons with the different directors of each film

Item 8: ew.com- Wonder Woman: EW review- Chris Nashawaty- The reason why this item is useful is that in this article, a view on the comics themselves. This is useful because it gives a past perspective on the character of Wonder Woman and it can also help to see if the portrayal of women has changed over the years.

Item 9: theguardian.com- Why Wonder Woman is a masterpiece of subversive feminism- Zoe Williams- This item is helpful as it gives contrasting views, but also contradicts them. The article sums up both views of the film that agree it’s for feminism or doesn’t believe it’s a good tool for the portrayal of women

Item 10: metro.com- Why Wonder Woman isn’t the feminist fantasy we’ve been told it is- This will be helpful as it gives a contrasting view to my statement, especially because there is a lot of talk about Wonder Woman being “liberating” for women. It questions the popular view on Wonder Woman

Item 11: anunapologeticfeminist.com- A feminist looks back at “how to marry a millionaire”- This item is useful as it gives a modern perspective on a film that could have been seen as a step out of the norm during the 50’s. Re reviewing with today’s ideals, rethinks the film and changes the tone of it. This is helpful for my statement to show the change of the portrayal of independent women

Item 12: theweek.co.uk- Sexism in Hollywood: And how women are fighting back- This item is helpful as it can give a different view of sexism in films, it look at the whole of hollywood as it gives a broad outlook on the issues in Hollywood. I feel that this would be helpful to set the tone of the essay and would be a good source to use even though it is in coordination to the rest of my items.

Item 13: theguardian.com- Marilyn Monroe: Feminist Icon?- Sharon Krum- I think that this item will be useful for my statement as this item reviews the fact that Marilyn Monroe was before the large feminist movement and mentions how her life has been reevaluated by modern day feminists

Item 14: spiked-online.com- Why feminists can’t enjoy Wonder Woman- Christian Butler- This source would be useful for my statement as it gives different example of why Wonder Woman might not be as feminist as the public might have been told it is. The item also talks about criticisms and contradicts them and gives a particularly biased view.

Item 15: espn.com- Closing the gender gap in Hollywood? These female directors are changing the game- Katie Barnes- This is another item that would also be useful in setting the tone of my essay as it gives a contrasting view to other items that highlight the issues in Hollywood surrounding feminism. This can be used to give a more positive view on Hollywood.  

Item 16: Movie poster for Wonder Woman

Item 17: Movie poster for Kill Bill Vol. 1

Item 18: Movie poster for How To Marry A Millionaire

Item 19: Image of Marilyn Monroe in How To Marry A Millionaire

Item 20: Image of Gal Gadot in Wonder Woman

Item 21: Image of Uma Therman in Kill Bill Vol. 1

La Haine 1995- Mathieu Kassovitz (needs improvement)

Kassovitz successfully reaches out to an unheard audience through the scenes in La Haine. The themes of crimes, drugs and violence were relatable in 1995 and still are even now. Despite being a foreign film, the universal themes can get any viewer to stop and think about the times they are living in.

Crime is a theme that is constantly present during the film. The situations of the main characters; Said, Hubert and Vinz are relatable to people with money struggles. Stealing from shops, selling drugs and taking drugs are ways in which the three friends get by in their living situation. The scene where Hubert takes drugs has an extremely powerful message behind it. The contrast between the smooth jazzy music and the reality of Hubert taking the drugs can show the audience how something that is seen as a taboo due the dangerous stigma to it can be some people's safe place from the commotion of poor living. Hubert himself as a character plays a huge part in Kassovitz motive to shed light on ignored issues such as; racism, drug abuse, violence and the lack of care for those in poorer living conditions.

The motive behind the riots in France is due to a policeman abusing and hospitalising a young arab boy called Abdel. Police brutality is common way after the film was produced, specifically in America. Despite times changing, issues that plagued society in the 90’s is still relevant to today’s issues.

The friendship between the three can be represented through the cinematography. The scene in which this is most significantly shown is the scene when they are in the train together. Said’s sitting in the front, Vinz in the middle and Hubert is at the back. This can symbolise their place in the group. Said’s placement can personify how despite not being the most clever or reliant, he can be seen as a leader as he is the middle man and almost keeps Hubert and Vinz friends. Hubert and Vinz can be seen to have personality clashes and Said prevents the two from breaking apart. Vinz’s placement personifies how he attempts to be leader but is held down by both Hubert and Said. He’s not as sensible as his other friends but is more pro active then Hubert. Huberts placement can represent his personality. He is more relaxed and carefree than the two.  

Deadpool 2016- Tim Miller

The target audience for Deadpool is 18-25 year old, this target audience was reached through typical methods such as adverts in cinema, on radio and the television, they were also reached through movie posters and on social media, despite these typical methods the marketing was extremely clever. One way in which the campaign stood out is the use of Deadpool himself. They used holidays such as valentines day to advertise as well. Deadpool is very sarcastic and this kind of humour stands out to young adults

20th century fox distributed the film. The fact that they had an advert on at the Superbowl and did a 12 days of Christmas campaign shows that a lot of money was put into the marketing for Deadpool. This would have an effect on the marketing strategies as they were more extravagant and cleverly thought out due to the budget. A high budget gives the marketing team a wider variety to advertise and entice the audience with.

In a way, the marketing campaign for Deadpool can fall into the hypodermic needle theory. The audience were informed about the film way before it was released in cinema, this kept the film fresh in their mind until they saw it. They were reminded about it during holidays such as valentines day and Christmas. This is an example of the hypodermic needle theory as the audience were constantly informed about it in all aspects of their life; on TV, on the radio, posters and social media sites such as Instagram.